Maceration is an extraction technique by which the active ingredients (molecules) of a plant are extracted in a solvent. Depending on the solvent used, maceration makes it possible to obtain different types of medicinal preparations, for different uses. We will also choose the solvent according to the plants and its molecules (are they soluble in water, in alcohol, in oil, in acid medium?). Here is an overview of the different maceration methods. Note that there are variants and that these methods are detailed in school courses Les Souls Fleurs.

1. Maceration in oil 

Macerated oil

• Solvent : Carrier oil (ex: olive oil, sunflower oil).
• Process : THE Parts plants (flowers, leaves, roots) are immersed in oil, then left to macerate for several weeks at room temperature.
• Uses : Macerated oils are often used for topical applications such as massages, balms and creams (emulsions). They can also be used in culinary preparations or as a basis for essential oils. 
  Our collection of oléic extracts

For a good mine effect : oleic extract carrot or St. John's wort
To soothe the skin : oleic extract calendula or chamomile 
To modulate inflammation : oleic extract arnica or Fir balsam To relieve muscle pain.

2. Maceration in alcohol

Dyeing

• Solvent : Alcohol (the alcohol level can vary depending on the plant)
• Process : THE Parts Plant are placed in alcohol, then left to macerate for a few weeks. 
• Uses : The dyes are concentrated extracts used internally or externally for their therapeutic effects. It is important to consult a specialist before consuming an internal dye.

To stimulate hair growth : dyes of Rosemary, horsetail or nettle 
For acne pimples : thyme dye or lavender
To strengthen immunity : echinaceous dye
For sleep and relaxation : Valérian dye

3. Maceration in vinegar

Medicinal or vinegar vinegar

• Solvent : Apple cider vinegar 5 or 8-9%.
• Process : THE Parts of the plant are immersed in the vinegar and left to macerate for a few weeks, then filtered.
• Uses : Medicinal vinegars can be used as an internal tonic, in cooking or for topical applications, especially for skin and hair care.

To soothe and clean the skin : Lavender or chamomile vinegar.
To make hair shine : Vinegar of Rosemary.
To relieve muscle pain : Ginger or cayenne pepper vinegar.

4. Maceration in water

Infusion or decoction

• Solvent : Water.
• Process : THE Parts of the plant are immersed in cold or hot water. For infusions, hot water (not boiling) is paid on the plants that infuse for a few minutes. For decoctions, plants are placed in simmering water for several minutes (Parts Towels of plants such as roots, bark and seeds).
• Uses : Infusions and decoctions are to be consumed quickly. They can be used in herbal tea, compresses or for therapeutic baths. 

Calming herbal teas : Chamomile And lemon balm.
Digestive herbal teas : Pepper mint and fennel.
Herbal teas for immunity : Echinacea and thyme.

5. Hydro-glycerinian extract

• Solvent : Glycerin and water 
• Process : Plants are mixed with a glycerin and water solution (proportions can vary depending on the plant) for a few weeks sheltered from light.
• Uses : This method is particularly appreciated for its effectiveness and softness, making liquid extracts more suitable for sensitive people, such as children or the elderly. This extract is to be favored with emollient plants whose mucilages are water -soluble.

For digestive disorders : Hydro-glycerin extract of peppermint or fennel.
To soothe the nervous system : Hydro-glycerin extract of chamomile or lemon balm.
To fight a virus : Elder hydro-glycerinian extract.

5. Maceration in a sweet agent

• Solvent : Honey (or maple syrup)
• Process : THE Parts of the plant are immersed in honey and left to macerate for a few weeks.
• Uses : Infused honeys are used for their medicinal properties and their health benefits. They can be consumed directly, used to sweeten drinks or applied to the skin for their healing and moisturizing effects. By adding plant powders, an electuary is obtained.

For throat ailments and coughs : Honey from ginger or cinnamon.
To strengthen the immune system : Honey ofechinaceous or turmeric.
For digestive disorders : Honey from fennelor licorice.

General considerations

• Plant quality : Use fresh or dried plants of high quality, free from contaminants. 
• Maceration : Varies according to the solvent and the plant.
• Storage : Keep preparations in hermetic containers, out of light, humidity and heat. The life of a liquid extract depends on the solvent used and on storage.

To become a pro in the manufacture of liquid extracts or to know more about the benefits of medicinal plants, go to our educational platform From schools souls.

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